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Introduction to Java media programming

Learn the basics of Java-based multimedia with the Java Media and Communication APIs

By Bill Day, JavaWorld.com, 06/01/98

Java as a versatile programming language has gained widespread acceptance in the two-plus years since its introduction. It is widely espoused as having the usual benefits with which we are all familiar: cross-platform portability, a fairly secure runtime environment, strong networking and connectivity APIs, and so on.

However, no one could credibly argue that the Java platform as we know it (the 1.0 and 1.1 core platforms) is a multimedia power house. In fact, far from offering a robust set of multimedia APIs, Java as a platform still is adding a great many features and gaining acceptance. Media support is only now beginning to roll into the core platform (as part of the upcoming 1.2 release, which will include the Java 2D API and Java Sound engine).

These developments show promise for Java's media capabilities. In future installments of this column we'll be exploring the many aspects of this promise.

History of media support (or lack thereof) in Java

Historically, Java has provided weak support for multimedia. The JDK 1.0 and JDK 1.1 core platform releases provided minimal support for sound in applets and no official support of sound in applications. In addition, Sun provided no support for video manipulation, streaming media capture or playback, 2D or 3D graphics (except through the use of basic drawing primitives), or numerous other advanced multimedia services.

Java Platform	Availability	Media support
1.0 (1995 initial release)	All browsers, OSs, IDEs (wide availability)	Primitive 2D (AWT); limited audio (applets only); no video, 3D, telephony, or speech
1.1 (1997 release)	Some browsers, OSs, IDEs (still has problems one year later)	Same as 1.0 release
1.2 (September 1998)	Not yet released (no availability except beta from Sun)	Adds Java 2D, Java Sound Engine; still no built in video, 3D, telephony, or speech

Media support in the Java platform, at least in any well-organized form, historically has been nil. Sun and its partners have set out to change this -- and to complete an important piece of the Java-as-a-platform puzzle -- by designing and implementing the Java Media and Communication APIs.

The Java Media and Communication APIs

There are a number of APIs that fall within the purview of media and communications. These, and what they enable in the Java platform, include:

• Java 2D -- 2D graphics and image manipulation
• Java 3D -- 3D graphics runtime
• Java Media Framework -- playback of synchronized media
• Java Sound -- software sound processor and MIDI synthesizer
• Java Speech -- speech recognition and synthesis
• Java Telephony -- computer and telephony integration

Sun has also discussed several less well-defined Media APIs, both at JavaOne in March 1998 and in previous public forums:

• Java Advanced Imaging -- advanced 2D image processing.
• Java Animation -- 2D Animation.
• Java Collaboration -- media data sharing.

(Please refer to the Resources at the end of this column for the location of Java Media-related presentation materials from this year's JavaOne conference.)

 

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