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In order to provide all of you with workable code, and to show how the APIs have changed, I've provided code in three packages. The energetic among you are encouraged to download them all and compare them. The rest of you should download the package appropriate for your platform.
The first package works with Java 1.0.2. It is available as a gzipped tar file and as a zip file.
The second package works with Java 1.1. Is is also available as a gzipped tar file and as a zip file.
The third package works with both Java 1.0.2 and Java 1.1. This package doesn't use the conflicting parts of the APIs; it does the work itself. Those of you interested in portability might want to look here. Of course, you can download the package as either a gzipped tar file or as a zip file.
The code this month doesn't run as an applet, so you'll need access to the Java Development Kit or a similar command-line environment.
First, using a method appropriate for your system, unpack the downloaded file.
Next, from the command line, execute the Java runtime as follows:
% java Main [keyword] [keyword] ... < [email file]
You may specify any number of keywords on the command line. The program builds a filter for each of the keywords and links the filters together -- into a stream. The input is expected to arrive on standard input. The program will read from standard input, send the data through the stream, and write to standard output. If any of the filters detect a match on their keyword, they will raise an exception which will stop the program.
Very simple, yet extremely useful and very effective.
Conclusion
Next month we'll dive right in and take a look at the the character-oriented input and output streams: class Reader and class Writer. I'll show you how they work alongside class InputStream and class OutputStream. I'll also talk briefly about character encodings in preparation for a glance at Java internationalization.
See you next month.
About the author
Todd Sundsted has been writing programs since computers became available in convenient desktop models. Though originally interested in building distributed applications in C++, Todd moved to the Java programming language when it became the obvious choice for that sort of thing. Todd is co-author of the Java Language API SuperBible. In addition to writing, Todd is president of Etcee, which offers Java-centric training, mentoring, and consulting.- Feedback
Resources
- The InputStream class for Java 1.0.2 http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/1.0.2/api/java.io.InputStream.html
- The OutputStream class for Java 1.0.2 http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/1.0.2/api/java.io.OutputStream.html
- The InputStream class for Java 1.1 http://www.javasoft.com/products/jdk/1.1/docs/api/java.io.InputStream.html
- The OutputStream class for Java 1.1 http://www.javasoft.com/products/jdk/1.1/docs/api/java.io.OutputStream.html
- I/O Enhancements for Java 1.1 http://www.javasoft.com/products/jdk/1.1/docs/guide/io/index.html
- Previous How-To Java articles
- "Build dynamically extensible applications" Find out how to build programs that you can extend dynamically -- even while they execute.
- "3D computer graphicsGetting the hang of VRML" Learn about VRML and how you can use it to define your own virtual world.
- "3D computer graphicsMoving from wire-frame drawings to solid, shaded models" Find out how to create surfaces and add illumination to make your models more realistic.
- "3D computer graphicsSlide it, spin it, make it move -- transforming your virtual world" Learn how to make your virtual world satisfy even the toughest customer.
- "3D computer graphicsModel your world" From its start as an exotic research topic in government and university labs, virtual reality is making its move into the mainstream of corporate America -- find out how you can gain entry into this elite club.
- "When static images just don't make the cut" Learn how to spice up your applets and applications with animated images.
- "How Java uses the the producer/consumer model to handle images -- An insider's look" Learn more about Java's powerful image-handling technique, then follow my simple procedures for building your own producer and consumer components.
- "Learn how applets load network-based images asynchronously" Here's a close look at the way Java applets handle images in a network-based environment.
- "Drawing text is easy with three Java classes" Find out how to create text that's visually appealing through this explanation of what classes to use and how they work together.
- "Examining HotSpot, an object-oriented drawing program" Learn how the pieces of the Java language and class library fit together through a study of this Java program
- "Using the Graphics class" A close look at the Graphics class and the drawing primitives it provides, and a demonstration of its use.
- "Observer and Observable" An introduction to the Observer interface and Observable class using the Model/View/Controller architecture as a guide.
- "The effective user interface" Five ways to enhance the appearance and effectiveness of your user interface
- "Java and event handling" How events are passed to user interface components, how to create event handlers, and more.
- "Introduction to the AWT" A description of Java's user interface toolkit.
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